Characterization of the angular-dependent emission of nitrogen-vacancy centers in nanodiamond

Appl. Phys. B 126, 161 (2020) · DOI: 10.1007/s00340-020-07508-2

License: CC BY 4.0.

Abstract

We report on the characterization of the angular-dependent emission of single-photon emitters based on single nitrogen-vacancy (NV-) centers in nanodiamond at room temperature. A theoretical model for the calculation of the angular emission patterns of such an NV-center at a dielectric interface will be presented. For the first time, the orientation of the NV-centers in nanodiamond was determined from back focal plane images of NV-centers and by comparison of the theoretical and experimental angular emission pattern. Furthermore, the orientation of the NV-centers was also obtained from measurements of the fluorescence intensity in dependence on the polarization angle of the linearly polarized excitation laser. The results of these measurements are in good agreement. Moreover, the collection efficiency in this setup was calculated to be higher than 80% using the model of the angular emission of the NV-centers.

Figures

15 panels with data across 7 figures. Each panel page shows the plot, its columns and its files; each data.csv begins with a header naming the paper, the panel, the source, the license and the provenance route.

Fig. 1

Illustrative figure, no extractable data. Shown in the paper PDF.

Fig. 2

Illustrative figure, no extractable data. Shown in the paper PDF.

Fig. 3

Illustrative figure, no extractable data. Shown in the paper PDF.

Fig. 4

• panel (a): Calculated back focal plane image for $\theta = 0^\circ$, $\phi = 0^\circ$ and $z_0 = 60$ nm: Intensity (a.u.) on a 0 to 1 colour scale. The printed panel marks only the $x$ (vertical) and $y$ (horizontal) directions with arrows; here the axes are $k_y/k_2$ and $k_x/k_2$, the in-plane wavevector over the wavenumber in the glass. data.csv
• panel (b): Calculated back focal plane image for $\theta = 30^\circ$, $\phi = 0^\circ$ and $z_0 = 60$ nm: Intensity (a.u.) on a 0 to 1 colour scale. The printed panel marks only the $x$ (vertical) and $y$ (horizontal) directions with arrows; here the axes are $k_y/k_2$ and $k_x/k_2$, the in-plane wavevector over the wavenumber in the glass. data.csv
• panel (c): Calculated back focal plane image for $\theta = 60^\circ$, $\phi = 0^\circ$ and $z_0 = 60$ nm: Intensity (a.u.) on a 0 to 1 colour scale. The printed panel marks only the $x$ (vertical) and $y$ (horizontal) directions with arrows; here the axes are $k_y/k_2$ and $k_x/k_2$, the in-plane wavevector over the wavenumber in the glass. data.csv
• panel (d): Calculated back focal plane image for $\theta = 90^\circ$, $\phi = 0^\circ$ and $z_0 = 60$ nm: Intensity (a.u.) on a 0 to 1 colour scale. The printed panel marks only the $x$ (vertical) and $y$ (horizontal) directions with arrows; here the axes are $k_y/k_2$ and $k_x/k_2$, the in-plane wavevector over the wavenumber in the glass. data.csv

Fig. 5

• panel (a): Calculated back focal plane image for $\theta = 70^\circ$, $\phi = 345^\circ$ and $z_0 = 60$ nm: Intensity (a.u.) on a 0 to 1 colour scale. The printed panel marks only the $x$ (vertical) and $y$ (horizontal) directions with arrows; here the axes are $k_y/k_2$ and $k_x/k_2$, the in-plane wavevector over the wavenumber in the glass. data.csv
• panel (b): Measured back focal plane image of the first NV-center: Background-subtracted intensity (counts) against Camera column and Camera row (pixel). The printed panel is normalized from 0 to 1, masked outside the aperture and marked with $x$ and $y$ arrows; this one is in raw counts on a square crop wider than the aperture. data.csv

Fig. 6

The underlying data is not available. The figure is shown in the paper PDF.

Fig. 7

• panel (1): Polar plot of the smoothed photoluminescence intensity, PL intensity (counts/s), against laser polarization angle $\delta$ (degrees) for the first NV-center, the angle running clockwise as printed. The printed panel has no radial tick labels; here they are shown along one spoke. data.csv

Fig. 8

• panel (1): Collection efficiency (%) of the confocal microscope setup against the out-of-plane angle $\theta$ (deg) of the NV-center. data.csv

Fig. 9

• panel (a): Calculated back focal plane image for $\theta = 90^\circ$, $\phi = 0^\circ$ and $z_0 = 0$ nm: Intensity (a.u.) on a 0 to 1 colour scale. The printed panel marks only the $x$ (vertical) and $y$ (horizontal) directions with arrows; here the axes are $k_y/k_2$ and $k_x/k_2$, the in-plane wavevector over the wavenumber in the glass. data.csv
• panel (b): Calculated back focal plane image for $\theta = 90^\circ$, $\phi = 0^\circ$ and $z_0 = 60$ nm: Intensity (a.u.) on a 0 to 1 colour scale. The printed panel marks only the $x$ (vertical) and $y$ (horizontal) directions with arrows; here the axes are $k_y/k_2$ and $k_x/k_2$, the in-plane wavevector over the wavenumber in the glass. data.csv
• panel (c): Calculated back focal plane image for $\theta = 90^\circ$, $\phi = 0^\circ$ and $z_0 = 120$ nm: Intensity (a.u.) on a 0 to 1 colour scale. The printed panel marks only the $x$ (vertical) and $y$ (horizontal) directions with arrows; here the axes are $k_y/k_2$ and $k_x/k_2$, the in-plane wavevector over the wavenumber in the glass. data.csv
• panel (d): Calculated back focal plane image for $\theta = 90^\circ$, $\phi = 0^\circ$ and $z_0 = 500$ nm: Intensity (a.u.) on a 0 to 1 colour scale. The printed panel marks only the $x$ (vertical) and $y$ (horizontal) directions with arrows; here the axes are $k_y/k_2$ and $k_x/k_2$, the in-plane wavevector over the wavenumber in the glass. data.csv

Fig. 10

• panel (a): Calculated back focal plane image for $\theta = 55^\circ$, $\phi = 13^\circ$ and $z_0 = 15$ nm: Intensity (a.u.) on a 0 to 1 colour scale. The printed panel marks only the $x$ (vertical) and $y$ (horizontal) directions with arrows; here the axes are $k_y/k_2$ and $k_x/k_2$, the in-plane wavevector over the wavenumber in the glass. data.csv
• panel (b): Measured back focal plane image of the second NV-center: Background-subtracted intensity (counts) against Camera column and Camera row (pixel). The printed panel is normalized from 0 to 1, masked outside the aperture and marked with $x$ and $y$ arrows; this one is in raw counts on a square crop wider than the aperture. data.csv

Fig. 11

The underlying data is not available. The figure is shown in the paper PDF.

Fig. 12

• panel (1): Polar plot of the smoothed photoluminescence intensity, PL intensity (counts/s), against laser polarization angle $\delta$ (degrees) for the second NV-center, the angle running counterclockwise as printed. The printed panel has no radial tick labels; here they are shown along one spoke. data.csv

Cite

Justus Christinck, Beatrice Rodiek, Marco Lopez, Helmuth Hofer, Hristina Georgieva, Stefan Kuck. Characterization of the angular-dependent emission of nitrogen-vacancy centers in nanodiamond. Appl. Phys. B 126, 161 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-020-07508-2

When you use hosted data, cite the original paper and give the panel's URL so a reader can find the exact values you used.

All papers · About · Statistics · Submit data · API